Abstraction
Izivivinyo zenziwa mayelana nokumelana nokusebenza kahle kwesisindo sesihlungi, futhi imithetho yokuguqulwa kokumelana nokubamba uthuli nokusebenza kahle kwesihlungi kwahlolisiswa, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesihlungi kubalwa ngokuvumelana nendlela yokubala ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ehlongozwa yi-Eurovent 4. /11.
Kutholakala ukuthi izindleko zikagesi zesihlungi, ziyanda ngokukhuphuka kokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi nokumelana.
Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezindleko zokushintsha isihlungi, izindleko zokusebenza nezindleko eziphelele, indlela yokunquma ukuthi isihlungi kufanele sishintshwe nini siyaphakanyiswa.
Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi impilo yesevisi yangempela yesihlungi iphakeme kunaleyo eshiwo ku-GB/T 14295-2008.
Isikhathi sokushintshwa kwesihlungi esakhiweni esijwayelekile kufanele sinqunywe ngokuya ngezindleko zokushintsha umthamo womoya kanye nezindleko zokusebenzisa amandla okusebenza.
UmbhaliI-Shanghai Institute of Architecture Science (Iqembu) Co., LtdZhang Chongyang, Li Jingguang
Izingeniso
Umthelela wekhwalithi yomoya empilweni yomuntu usuphenduke enye yezindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu ezithinta umphakathi.
Njengamanje, ukungcoliswa komoya kwangaphandle okumelelwe yi-PM2.5 kubi kakhulu e-China. Ngakho-ke, imboni yokuhlanza umoya ikhula ngokushesha, futhi imishini yokuhlanza umoya omusha nesihlanzi somoya sisetshenziswe kabanzi.
Ngo-2017, cishe ku-860,000 umoya omusha wokungenisa umoya kanye nezihlanzi eziyizigidi ezingu-7 eChina. Ngokuqwashisa okungcono kwe-PM2.5, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuhlanza lizokhula futhi, futhi maduze lizoba yithuluzi elidingekayo empilweni yansuku zonke. Ukuduma kwalolu hlobo lwemishini kuthinteka ngokuqondile ngezindleko zayo zokuthenga kanye nezindleko zokusebenza, ngakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunda umnotho wayo.
Imingcele eyinhloko yesihlungi ihlanganisa ukwehla kokucindezela, inani lezinhlayiya eziqoqiwe, ukusebenza kahle kweqoqo kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza. Kungasetshenziswa izindlela ezintathu zokwahlulela isikhathi sokushintshwa kwesihlungi sokuhlanza umoya. Eyokuqala iwukukala ukushintsha kokumelana ngaphambi nangemva kwesihlungi ngokusho kwedivayisi ezwa ukucindezela; Okwesibili ukulinganisa ukuminyana kwezinhlayiyana endaweni yokukhipha impahla ngokuya ngedivayisi yokuzwa eyizinhlayiyana. Esokugcina yisikhathi sokusebenza, okungukuthi, ukulinganisa isikhathi sokusebenza semishini.
Ithiyori evamile yokushintshwa kwesihlungi ukulinganisa izindleko zokuthenga kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kahle. Ngamanye amazwi, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kubangelwa ukwanda kokumelana nezindleko zokuthenga.
njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1
Umfanekiso 1 ijika lokumelana nesihlungi kanye nezindleko
Inhloso yaleli phepha ukuhlola imvamisa yokushintshwa kwesihlungi kanye nomthelela wako ekwakhiweni kwamathuluzi anjalo nohlelo ngokuhlaziya ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko zamandla okusebenza okubangelwa ukwanda kokumelana nezihlungi kanye nezindleko zokuthenga ezikhiqizwa ukushintshwa njalo isihlungi, ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza somthamo omncane womoya.
1.Izivivinyo Zesihlungi Ezisebenzayo Nokumelana
1.1 Isikhungo Sokuhlola
Inkundla yokuhlola isihlungi yakhiwa ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezilandelayo: isistimu yemigudu yomoya, idivayisi ekhiqiza uthuli yokwenziwa, okokusebenza kokulinganisa, njll., njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.
Umfanekiso 2. Isikhungo Sokuhlola
Ukwamukela ifeni yokuguqula imvamisa ohlelweni lwemigudu yomoya yelabhorethri ukulungisa umthamo womoya osebenzayo wesihlungi, ngaleyo ndlela ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesihlungi ngaphansi kwevolumu yomoya ehlukene.
1.2 Isampula Lokuhlola
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphindaphinda kokuhlolwa, izihlungi zomoya ezi-3 ezikhiqizwe umkhiqizi ofanayo zikhethiwe. Njengoba izihlungi zohlobo lwe-H11, H12 kanye ne-H13 zisetshenziswa kabanzi emakethe, isihlungi sebanga le-H11 sisetshenziswe kulokhu kuhlolwa, ngosayizi we-560mm×560mm×60mm, uhlobo lwe-v-type lwamakhemikhali aminyene okugoqa uhlobo, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3.
Umfanekiso 2. Ukuhlola Isampula
1.3 Izidingo Zokuhlola
Ngokuvumelana nezinhlinzeko ezifanele ze-GB/T 14295-2008 “Isihlungi Somoya”, ngaphezu kwezimo zokuhlola ezidingekayo kumazinga okuhlola, lezi zimo ezilandelayo kufanele zifakwe:
1) Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama womoya ohlanzekile othunyelwa ohlelweni lwe-duct kufanele kufane;
2) Umthombo wothuli osetshenziselwa ukuhlola wonke amasampula kufanele uhlale unjalo.
3) Ngaphambi kokuba isampula ngayinye ihlolwe, izinhlayiya zothuli ezifakwe ohlelweni lwe-duct kufanele zihlanzwe ngebhulashi;
4) Ukurekhoda amahora okusebenza kwesihlungi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kuhlanganise nesikhathi sokukhishwa nokumiswa kothuli;
2. Umphumela Wokuhlola Nokuhlaziya
2.1 Ushintsho Lokumelana Kwasekuqaleni Ngevolumu Yomoya
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokumelana kwenziwa kumthamo womoya we-80,140,220,300,380,460,540,600,711,948 m3 / h.
Ukushintsha kokuphikiswa kokuqala ngevolumu yomoya kuboniswa ku-FIG. 4.
Umfanekiso 4. Ukushintsha kokumelana kokuqala kwesihlungi ngaphansi kwevolumu yomoya ehlukene
2.2 Ukushintsha Kokusebenza Kwesisindo Ngenani Lothuli Olunqwabelene.
Le ndima ikakhulukazi ifunda ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga kwe-PM2.5 ngokwezindinganiso zokuhlola zabakhiqizi, ivolumu yomoya elinganiselwe yesihlungi ingu-508m3/h. Amanani okusebenza kahle kwesisindo esilinganisiwe ezihlungi ezintathu ngaphansi kwenani elihlukile lokubeka uthuli aboniswa kuThebula 1
Ithebula 1 Ukushintsha kokuboshwa nenani lothuli olufakiwe
Inkomba yesisindo esilinganisiwe (yokubamba) yezihlungi ezintathu ngaphansi kwenani elihlukile lokubeka uthuli iboniswa kuThebula 1
2.3 Ubudlelwano Phakathi Kokumelana Nokunqwabelana Kothuli
Isihlungi ngasinye sisetshenziswe izikhathi ezingu-9 zokukhipha uthuli. Izikhathi zokuqala ezingu-7 zokukhishwa kothuli olulodwa zazilawulwa cishe ku-15.0g, futhi izikhathi zokugcina ezingu-2 zokukhishwa kothuli olulodwa zazilawulwa cishe ku-30.0g.
Ukushintshashintsha kokumelana nothuli olubamba uthuli nenani lokuqoqwa kothuli lwezihlungi ezintathu ngaphansi kokugeleza komoya okulinganiselwe, kuboniswa ku-FIG.5
I-FIG.5
3.Ukuhlaziywa Kwezomnotho Kokusetshenziswa Kwesihlungi
3.1 Impilo Yesevisi Elinganiselwe
I-GB/T 14295-2008 “Isihlungi Somoya” sibeka ukuthi lapho isihlungi sisebenza kumthamo womoya olinganisiwe futhi ukumelana kokugcina kufinyelela izikhathi ezi-2 zokuphikiswa kokuqala, isihlungi sithathwa ngokuthi sifinyelele impilo yaso yesevisi, futhi isihlungi kufanele sishintshwe. Ngemva kokubala impilo yesevisi yezihlungi ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezilinganiselwe kulokhu kuhlolwa, imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi impilo yesevisi yalezi zihlungi ezintathu ilinganiselwa ku-1674, 1650 kanye no-1518h ngokulandelanayo, okwakungu-3.4, 3.3 kanye nenyanga engu-1.
3.2 Ukuhlaziywa Kokusetshenziswa Kwempushana
Ukuhlolwa okuphindayo okungenhla kubonisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwezihlungi ezintathu kuyahambisana, ngakho isihlungi 1 sithathwa njengesibonelo sokuhlaziya ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
I-FIG. 6 Ubudlelwano phakathi kweshaje kagesi nezinsuku zokusetshenziswa kwesihlungi (ivolumu yomoya 508m3/h)
Njengoba izindleko zokushintsha umthamo womoya zishintsha kakhulu, isamba sesihlungi ekushintsheni nasekusetshenzisweni kwamandla sishintsha kakhulu, ngenxa yokusebenza kwesihlungi, njengoba kuboniswe ku-FIG. 7. Emfanekisweni, izindleko eziphelele = izindleko zikagesi zokusebenza + izindleko zokushintsha umthamo womoya weyunithi.
I-FIG. 7
Iziphetho
I-1) Impilo yangempela yesevisi yezihlungi ezinomthamo womoya omncane ezakhiweni zomphakathi ziphakeme kakhulu kunempilo yesevisi eshiwo ku-GB/T 14295-2008 “Isihlungi Somoya” futhi esituswe abakhiqizi bamanje. Impilo yangempela yesevisi yesihlungi ingacatshangelwa ngokusekelwe emthethweni oguqukayo wokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuhlunga kanye nezindleko zokushintsha.
2) Indlela yokuhlola yokubuyisela isihlungi esekelwe ekucatshangelweni komnotho iyaphakanyiswa, okungukuthi, izindleko zokushintshwa ngokweyunithi yevolumu yomoya kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokugcwele ukuze kunqunywe isikhathi sokushintsha kwesihlungi.
(Umbhalo ogcwele ukhishwe ku-HVAC, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 102-106, 2020)
